how to make arduino obstacle avoiding car

ARDUINO OBSTACLE AVOIDING CAR

Today in this article we are going to Make Arduino obstacle avoiding car with Arduino UNO , L293D Motor Driver,Servo Motor and Ultrasonic sensor. Here you will get Fully Detailed instructions for making Arduino Joystick Controlled Car. Codes are also Included.

I have tried to provide you all the must-have Circuit Schematics and Diagrams in this article. My intention was to give you all in one guide for making joystick Car.

Joystick controlled car is a motion controlled car. Here, the Joystick can be used in two ways by using the button underneath the Joystick: By changing the Gear and moving the Joystick left ,right, forward and backward the car can be controlled accordingly.

If you want to make a School/ College project then this project is for you. You would not need any special knowledge for making the Arduino joystick control car. So, you should definitely try it.

WATCH YOUTUBE VIDEO

Watch the Full Video and you will understand everything. Next, follow the step by step guide below.

Making video of arduino obstacle avoiding car

COMPONENTS REQUIRED

Item Image	Item Name	Quantity	Shop Online
	Plywood 16cm X10cm	1 No	Order Now
	Caster Wheels	1 No	Order Now
	Arduino UNO	1 No	Order Now
	L298N Motor Driver	1 NO	Order Now
	dc gear motor	2 no	Order Now
	Wheel	2 no	Order Now
	ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04	1 No	Order Now
	18650 cells	2 No	Order Now
	18650 battery holder	1 No	Order Now
	Switch	1 No	Order Now
	Jumper wires	Enough	Order Now

Tools Required

Tool Image	Tool Name
	Gun gum
	Soldering rod
	Screwdriver

APPS AND ONLINE SERVICES

	Arduino IDE	Downlond Now

ARDUINO CODE

/* Arduino DC Motor Control - PWM | H-Bridge | L298N object avoiding robot using Arduino and L298N motor driver Made by udaykiran, Electro mechanics */ int revleft4 = 8; // Motor Pins int fwdleft5 = 9; int revright6 = 10; int fwdright7 = 11; int trigPin = 12; // Trig Pin Of HC-SR04 int echoPin = 13; // Echo Pin Of HC-SR04 long duration, distance; void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); pinMode(revleft4, OUTPUT); // Set Motor Pins As O/P pinMode(fwdleft5, OUTPUT); pinMode(revright6, OUTPUT); pinMode(fwdright7, OUTPUT); pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); // Set Trig Pin As O/P To Transmit Waves pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); //Set Echo Pin As I/P To Recieve Reflected Waves } void loop() { digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW); delayMicroseconds(2); digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH); // Transmit Waves For 10us delayMicroseconds(10); duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH); // Recieve Reflected Waves distance = duration / 58.2; // Get Distance delay(10); if (distance > 20) // Condition For Absence Of Obstacle { digitalWrite(fwdright7, HIGH); // Move Forward digitalWrite(revright6, LOW); digitalWrite(fwdleft5, HIGH); digitalWrite(revleft4, LOW); } if (distance < 20) // Condition For Presence Of Obstacle { digitalWrite(fwdright7, LOW); //Stop digitalWrite(revright6, LOW); digitalWrite(fwdleft5, LOW); digitalWrite(revleft4, LOW); delay(500); digitalWrite(fwdright7, LOW); // Move Backward digitalWrite(revright6, HIGH); digitalWrite(fwdleft5, LOW); digitalWrite(revleft4, HIGH); delay(500); digitalWrite(fwdright7, LOW); //Stop digitalWrite(revright6, LOW); digitalWrite(fwdleft5, LOW); digitalWrite(revleft4, LOW); delay(100); digitalWrite(fwdright7, HIGH); // Move Left digitalWrite(revright6, LOW); digitalWrite(revleft4, LOW); digitalWrite(fwdleft5, LOW); delay(500); } }

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Circuit ciagram of Arduino obstacle avoiding car

STEPS TO MAKING

I have divided the joystick control car into several steps. By this, you can understand the Arduino car more easily. Please don’t skip any step otherwise it will be difficult to replicate.

Step 1:

First, you will need 2 gear Motors. Sometimes the motor doesn’t come with wire attached. So, In that case, you have to attach the wire to the motors with a soldering iron.

Step 2:

In the same way, I have connected wires with Motors. One suggestion to solder is that please don’t heat the motor terminals too much they will be damaged if you heat that too much. After that, I tested all the motors before connecting and it works just fine.

Step 3:

fix the 360-degree wheel to plywood with help of screws

Step 4:

Now take a Piece of Plywood dimension of 16CM x 10CM. Now use a Glue Gun and place the motor on the Plywood corners. Use the same technique and connect all 2 Motors on the chassis.

Step 5:

I have attached 2 Motor in the Plywood. One suggestion to you is to align the motors. Otherwise, the motors will not go straight.

Step 6:

First take Arduino Uno and them attach it on the Chassis. Many people use Hot Glue to attach but I don’t recommend that at all. The coper traces under the PCB may be damaged for the hot glue. So, I used Double sided tape for attaching the Board.For controlling the Motors we will definitely need a motor driver. The L298n and the L293D motor drivers are most commonly used with Arduino. All these drivers have an inbuilt H-Bridge inside in it for controlling the motors.

Step 7:

Here is the Left and the Right side view of the Car. You can see the connection more clearly here. If you change the motor wires then the motor rotation will also change. Just connect all the motor as shown in the picture and will work just fine.

Note:

Suppose you are powering a DC motor with a power source like 9V Battery. Just think that your motor is rotating in a certain direction. Now, If you change the connection (Suppose previously you connected Red Wire to the +ve and the Gray wire with the -ve of the battery. So, here changing connection means you have to connect the Red wire with the -ve and Gray wire with the +ve) then the motor will rotate in the opposite direction. This is the property of DC Motor. In this way, you can also check your DC Motor is working or not.

Step 8:

I have used 18650 Batteries for Joystick Control Car. You can also use Li-Po Batteries or Lead Acid Batteries as well. My recommendation is to go with Li-ion or Li-Po Battery because this is most commonly used in Projects. Nowadays you can get 18650 Batteries as cheap as 2$. And these batteries will give you the most power.

Connect the Battery wires with the EXT_PWR Terminal Block. The Battery Terminal block has a Switch inbuilt in it. It is used to turn On/ Off the car. I have attached Double-sided tape with the battery holder and connected with the Chassis.

Note:

But one thing I should definitely mention that Li Batteries are great for DIY Projects. But use with care. Charge with Dedicated chargers. Just being at the safe side you may use the TP4056 Li Charger module. And never ever Over-charge, Over-discharge, or short circuit these batteries. It may blast.

Step 9:

Remove the jumper caps

Step 10:

Connect the wires as per the shown in the figure or table

wire connection between Arduino and motor driver

Motor Driver(L298n)	Arduino UNO
IN 1	Pin 4
IN 2	Pin 5
IN 3	Pin 6
IN 4	Pin 7
EN A	Pin 9
EN B	Pin 10

Step 11:

Connect the wires as per the shown in the figure or table

wire connection between Arduino and Joystick Module

>

Joystick Module	Arduino UNO
+5ve	5v
GND	GND
VRx	pin A0
VRy	pin A1
sw	Pin 8

Step 12:

Next, connect your Arduino with your PC or MAC. After that, we will dive into the software section.

Now, I have provided the code below. Just copy the code and paste it in your Arduino IDE. Before uploading the code to Arduino we need to add a library to Arduino. Just go to the following.